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Percolation (cognitive psychology)
Percolation (from the Latin word ''percolatio'', meaning filtration〔Leleu-Merviel, S. (2004). On the relevance of percolation theory to the acquisition of human skills. ''Laboratoire des Sciences de la Communication'' Retrieved from http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/46/77/42/PDF/E384WC-EISTA-2004.pdf〕) is a theoretical model used to understand the way activation and diffusion of neural activity occur within neural networks.〔Friedenbreg, J., Silverman, G. (2012). ''Cognitive Science: An Introduction to the Study of Mind'' (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.〕 Percolation is a model used to explain how neural activity is transmitted across the various connections within the brain. Often it is easiest to understand percolation theory by explaining its use in epidemiology. Individuals that are infected with a disease can spread the disease through contact with others in their social network. Those who are more social and come into contact with more people will help to propagate the disease quicker than those who are less social. Therefore factors such as occupation and sociability influence the rate of infection. Now, if one were to think of ''neurons'' as the ''individuals'' and ''synaptic connections'' as the ''social bonds'' between people, then one can determine how easily messages between neurons will spread.〔 When a neuron fires, the message is transmitted along all synaptic connections to other neurons until it can no longer continue. Synaptic connections are considered either open or closed (like a social or unsocial person) and messages will flow along any and all open connections until they can go no further. Just like occupation and sociability play a key role in the spread of disease, so too do the number of neurons, synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation when talking about neural percolation.
==Percolating cluster==
A key aspect of percolation is the concept of ''percolating clusters'', which are a single large group of neurons that are all connected by open bonds and take up the majority of the network. Any signals that originate at any point within the percolating cluster will have a great impact and diffusion across the network than signals that original outside of the cluster. This is much like how a teacher is more likely to spread an infection to a whole community through contact with the students and subsequently with the families than an isolated businessman that works from home.
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